Hotchkiss drive is the most widely used type of rear axle drive. It is a hollow steel tube that extends from the transmission to the rear axle housing. The global automotive drive shafts market by geography has been categorized into north america, europe, asiapacific and row. Some of the most important restraints of the global drive shaft market are high variations of the material cost which affects in the production of lightweight drive shaft. Unit iii transmission systems clutch types and construction, gear boxes manual and automatic, gear shift mechanisms, over drive, transfer box, fluid flywheel torque converter, propeller shaft, slip joints, universal joints differential, and rear axle, hotchkiss drive and torque tube drive. Unit 3 deals with clutches, manual and automatic gear boxes, gear shift mechanisms, overdrives, propeller shaft, transfer box, fluid flywheel, torque converter, slip joints, universal joints, differential, rear axle in transmission systems, and hotchkiss drive and torque tube drive. This type of suspension is always used in conjunction with torque tube, torque reaction link, or torque rod drive. The axle pivots have to be locked or replaced with solid ones also. The automotive drive shaft itself is enclosed in a tube that connects the transmission and differential via a single. An automobile rear suspension designed to take torque reactions through longitudinal leaf springs explanation of hotchkiss drive. On the basis of shaft type, the market is classified into torque tube.
It must reduce the driveline speed from that of the engine to that of the driving wheels in a ratio of somewhere. What are hotchkiss drive and torque tube drive in detail. Hotch kiss drive hotchkiss drive forces act on hotchkiss drive torque tube drive torque tube drive. Torque tube driveparts, working principle, advantages. The transmission end is fastened with a torque ball. The hotchkiss drive is a shaftdrive system another type of directdrive transmission system is the torque tube, which was also popular until the 1950s. One end of the torque tube is attached to the axle casing, while the other end. The arrangement of rear and torque driving forces is consist by hotchkiss drive and torque tube drive. Hotchkiss drive article about hotchkiss drive by the. Chapter topic page no unit ivsteering, brakes and suspension systems 4. Torque tube drive hence, only one universal joint is required at front end and no universal joint at the rear end. The hotchkiss drive is a shaft drive form of power transmission.
This type of drive is common to the equipment you will encounter in the navy. The name comes from the french automobile manufacturer hotchkiss, although other makers, such as peerless, used similar systems before hotchkiss during the early part of the 20th century chaindrive power transmission was the main. Drive forces from the wheels are transmitted through the rigid torque tube to the transmission mount. The hotchkiss drive is most commonly used in automobiles. Chapter 11 drive lines, differentials, drive axles, and. In the torque tube drive, the spring takes the weight of the body, side thrust, and the remaining i. Front engine rear wheel drive front engine front wheel. Torque tube drive shafts were used on older vehicles and are still used on some trucks and suvs today. It involves the use of a 19531955 corvette third member. The hotchkiss drive is the simplest of the drive systems and is the the torque tube drive, which is still fairly widely used is shown in picture. Therefore the coil springs are not subjected to driving thrust or twist.
Torque tube is formed torque tube as a rigid part of the rear axle housing. In a torque tube drive, the driving thrust is applied to the. Torque tubes were fairly common until the early 1960s they were used by, among others, american motors, buick, and chevrolet, but they fell out of favor because the torque tube adds significantly to unsprung weight. Online study material, lecturing notes, assignment, reference, wiki and important questions and answers. In hotchkiss drive, the loads such as vehicle weight, driving torque, braking torque and side thrust all are taken by leaf springs. Front axles have to resist, bending and shear stresses due to load supported by them and tensional stresses due to braking torque and. Ford cars used torque tube drive from the model t to 1948, and chevy cars and trucks changed to open drivelines in the early 50s. Mechtech knowhow currently it has videos related to automobile engineering.
Technical what is the difference between a torque tube. Torque tube is a tube used to handle the large amount of torque required to rotate the drill bit and top drive while drilling an oil or a gas well on a rig floor. Use of torque tube drive shaft is comparatively less widespread than hotchkiss drive shaft system and flexible drive shaft system. The drive shaft inside the tube is supported by a series of bearings. Download pdf automobile engineering 2 marks with answers 2 download pdf automobile. Ford used the torque tube design as it allowed the use of only a transverse spring with the outer torque tube and vshaped radius rods used to hold the rear end in place so it wouldnt move sideways. Automotive drive shafts market global industry analysis.
The torque tube consists of a large diameter stationary housing between the transmission and rear end that fully encloses a rotating. Although these systems are not used today in their. Torque tubes differ from the hotchkiss design in that a solid drive shaft is enclosed in a hollow torque tube and rotates within a support bearing to prevent whipping. Hotchkiss drive shafts are the most popular form of shafts used for rear axle suspension and are commonly found in heavy commercial vehicles and passenger cars. That all above drive employed for rear axle the spring take the weight of the body. Two universal joints and one slip joint are must needed. By types, the market has been segmented into hotchkiss drive shafts, flexible drive shafts and torque tube drive shafts. In a vehicle with torque tube drive, the rear suspension spring a. Look for the kindle matchbook icon on print and kindle book detail pages of qualifying books.
Torque tube assembly, also known as driveshaft technology, is a common engineering functionality used to drive the rotors and engine assembly rear wheel drive of an automobile. There are pros and cons to both systems, so ya pays yer money and ya takes yer choice. In torque tube drive, the driving torque and braking torque are taken by torque tube while the vehicle weight and side thrust are taken care of by leaf. Automotive drive shaft designs come in three types torque tube drive shaft, hotchkiss drive shaft, flexible drive shaft. Segmentation by types, the market has been segmented into hotchkiss drive shafts, flexible drive shafts and torque tube drive shafts. Hotchkiss driveline has an exposed hotchkiss driveline drive shaft that operates a rear axle assembly mounted on springs. Flexible drive shaft types have high longevity and permits. Shaft type segment includes flexible drive shaft, hotchkiss drive shaft, and torque tube drive shaft. This channel is for mechanical diploma students channel. Following types of drives are explained with advantages and disadvantages.
Torque tube drive shaft types are typically heavier and produces greater up. The hotchkiss drive requires that the springs be rigid enough to withstand the twisting action torque of the rear axle and the driving and braking forces that the springs transmit to the frame. A ball and socket type of joint called a torque ball is used at one end of the torque tube to allow relative motion between the axle and transmission due to suspension travel. It is mostly found in heavy commercial vehicles with front engine and rear drive. Two closedtoopen drive line swaps on the same page. Most of these vehicles have a clutch and gearbox or transmission mounted directly on the engine with a drive shaft leading to a final. The torque tube with a single universal joint and the more common hotchkiss drive with two or more joints. Hotchkiss drive and torque tube drive easy explanation. Hotchkiss driveparts, working principle, advantages. In the last class, we had discussed hotchkiss drive in a detailed way whereas, in todays class, we will discuss torque tube. The figure shows rearend suspension of a car with hotchkiss drive.
The hotchkiss drive is a system of power transmission. It is usually located between the transmission gear box and the propeller shaft. Automotive drive shafts market analysis, growth and. During the early part of the 20th century chaindrive power transmission was the main direct drive competitor of the. Automobile engineering interview questions and answers for competitive exams. Automotive drive shafts market trends, share, scope, and. In all the drives employed for the rear axle the spring take the weight of the body. Modern automotive technology technology chapter 59 drive shafts and transfer cases. Basically what happened wasthe torque tube is a hard steel tube in which the actual driveshaft for the car sits. All shaftdrive systems consist of a driveshaft also called a propeller shaft or cardan shaft extending from the transmission in front to the differential in the rear. The tube is a major structural component of the car as well, linking the engine in the front to the transmission in the rear. Explain hotchkiss drive and torque tube drive with neat sketch.
There are many types of drives, out of which two are important. Torque reaction, driving thrust and the braking torque were taken by another member which is called the torque tube. Take the torque reaction,driving thrust, side thrust 3. A torque tube system is a power transmission and braking technology, that involves a stationary housing around the drive shaft, often used in automobiles with a front engine and rear drive, and rear brakes with or without front brakes, which play no part in it. The torque tube drive shaft is used if the drive shaft has to carry the wheel drive thrust. Front wheel drive shaft and rear wheel drive shaft are sub segments of position type. List of 15 types of suspension system in automobile with pdf. Automobile engineering me8091, me6602 anna university. Many drives are used, out of which the two important ones are the hotchkiss. Types of automobile drives advantages and disadvantages. The drive systems include, hotchkiss opentype fourlink semihotchkiss torque tube dedion. Hotchkiss drive torque tube drive important questions and answers. In contrast, the hotchkiss drive has the traction forces transmitted to the car frame by using other suspension components such as leaf springs or trailing arms.
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